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J. Philippe Rushton
Currently
a professor in psychology in the University of Western Ontario, Rushton's earlier
controversial history began when he presented a paper at the Symposium on Evolutionary
Theory, Economics, and Political Science on 1989. He classified all human beings
somewhere among the three major racial groups: Black (Negroid), White (Caucasoid),
Asian (Mongoloid). He claimed
to have scientific evidence (the evidence is not
disputed) (Burden
of Proof) of an inherited link between
brain size, intelligence and race, where Blacks and Asians are on opposite ends
and Whites are in between. Blacks, according to Rushton, have larger genitals, making them more promiscuous, and smaller brains, making them less intelligent than whites and Asians. Using 60 different measures, Rushton ranks the races along an evolutionary scale with blacks at the bottom and Asians at the top. [1]Rushton's racial research goes far beyond noticing minor physical characteristics, such as why whites have lighter skin and blacks have darker skin. Rushton's agenda is to segregate the human sub-race groups as entirely separate races and beings, in order to portray his perceived genetic inferiority (differences are not necessarily inferior) of Blacks to justify segregation and legalized racism. Such scientific racist research was and is used by many white supremacy (Appeal to Fear) and hate groups, (Appeal to Emotion) notably the former Klansman David Duke, (Guilt By Association) to portray Blacks as a sub-human (Straw Man) race and the missing link (Straw Man - neither Rushton nor Duke claim Negroes are the 'missing link') between humans and monkeys. Rushton's
key point is to segregate Blacks as an inferior
(Straw
Man - just different) race, declaring
Africans having far less intelligence than white people. Therefore, by Rushton's
theory, the evolutionary "survival strategy" of Africans does not rely on intelligence,
but on promiscuous sexual breeding. This fraudulent
(Burden
of Proof - you have not proved it is fraudulent - you have not even argued
with the data) analysis has led Rushton to
claim
that genetically inherited sexual promiscuity is responsible for single-parent
families and the AIDS epidemic among Canadians and Americans of African descent,
as well as increased crime rates among Blacks. [4] What is especially dangerous
(Appeal
to Fear) about Rushton is his influence
on mainstream public policy. His racist
research to portray Blacks as genetically
inferior (Appeal
to Pity) in mental capacity has been
used as a weapon
(Appeal
to Fear) to justify denying employment
and equal education and economic status against Blacks. Instead of shouting out
hateful racial slurs (would
you prefer that tactic?), (Appeal
to Emotion) Rushton disguises
his racist propaganda (Ad
Hominem) in intellectual scientific
terminology to carry out his agenda.
(Appeal
to Fear) (Slippery
Slope)
Beyond his close circle of right-wing
racists (Guilt
By Association), Rushton has been consistently
rejected by scientists, educators, and
the general public (Appeal
to Popularity). Then Prime Minister of
Ontario, David Peterson, declared Rushton's arguments 'offensive
(Appeal
to Emotion) to the way Ontario thinks'(Appeal
to Popularity), and called for the University
to dismiss him; a group of students (Appeal
to Popularity) lodged
a complaint about him with the Ontario
Human Rights Commission (Appeal
to Fear). He was not fired nor suspended,
but when he tried to give classes, the students
themselves howled him down (Bandwagon).
Poor
Rushton was forced to lecture to the television cameras,
safe from the howling mob (Appeal
to Fear) (Berton, 1993). [2]
Even the Canadian
police found interest (Appeal
to Fear) in Rushton's works. Rushton
was investigated several times by the
Canadian police for possible violations of Canada's
hate crime laws, for promoting
hatred (Appeal
to Emotion) against any identifiable
group. Eventually, in the words of attorney-general Ian Scott, the police decided
that Rushton's theories were 'loony
(Ad
Hominem) but not criminal' (point
for my side, thanks) and therefore dropped
all criminal charges. [3]
Because Rushton was consistently
rejected by the scientific community
(Appeal
to Popularity) for his
faulty empirical data and unscientific
research methods, his sole
source (Genetic
Fallacy) to fund his racist
research program was the fascist group, the Pioneer Fund.
The Pioneer Fund was established in 1937 by the American
white supremacist multimillionaire Wickliffe
Draper and others who were supportive of Nazi
race policies in Germany (Guilt
By Association).
The incorporation papers of the Fund states its policy to support the "procreation
of the white colonial stock" and to finance research into "problems of race betterment"
and "problems of heredity and eugenics in the human race." [4]
Among the projects supported by the Pioneer
Fund: [4]
Resources: 1) http://www.sntp.net/eugenics/genetics_1.htm - (Appeal to Authority) 2) http://web.bilkent.edu.tr/nova/education/horizons/v8n2/4.html - (a Turkish website) (Appeal to Authority) 3) http://www.ferris.edu/isar/arcade/araceapart.htm - (Appeal to Authority) 4)
http://bethuneinstitute.org/documents/racialscientestrushton.html
- (by David
Lethbridge) - (Appeal
to Authority)
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